( وَأَوْرَثْنَا الْقَوْمَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يُسْتَضْعَفُونَ) (And We caused the people who had been oppressed to inherit): Allah (swt) destroyed Pharao, He (swt) destroyed the enemies of the Children of Israel and gave them succession over the land. (The land) refers to Egypt and the Levant.

( مَشَارِقَ الْأَرْضِ وَمَغَارِبَهَا ) (the eastern regions of the land and the western ones): There is a scientific remark in this verse; it was not yet discovered that there are Eastern and Western regions, it was rather believed that there was only one East and one West. Allah (swt) presents scientific signs that will be discovered at later times and which the human mind was not able to encompass at the time of the verse’s revelation. Each place has an East and a West thus these two directions are relative; when we travel from one city to another, then the directions of East and West will differ. The reason behind this is that the earth is round and it revolves around the sun, just as Allah (swt) says:

 وَكُلٌّ فِي فَلَكٍ يَسْبَحُونَ

(but each, in an orbit, is swimming.) (Yaseen: 40)

( وَتَمَّتْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ الْحُسْنَىٰ عَلَىٰ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ بِمَا صَبَرُوا ۖ ) (And the good word of your Lord was fulfilled for the Children of Israel because of what they had patiently endured): (the good word) refers to Allah’s promise that they would inherit the earth. This is mentioned in another verse:

  وَنُرِيدُ أَن نَّمُنَّ عَلَى الَّذِينَ اسْتُضْعِفُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَنَجْعَلَهُمْ أَئِمَّةً وَنَجْعَلَهُمُ الْوَارِثِينَ

(And We wanted to confer favor upon those who were oppressed in the land and make them leaders and make them inheritors) (Al-Qasas: 5)

( وَدَمَّرْنَا مَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ فِرْعَوْنُ وَقَوْمُهُ) (And We destroyed [all] that Pharaoh and his people were producing): Allah (swt) destroyed the monuments that were built by Pharao.

( وَمَا كَانُوا يَعْرِشُونَ ) (and what they had been building): This refers to the mansions they used to build, and similar constructions. This is why we still find some remains from the times of Pharaohs as a proof of their existence.