الآية رقم (52) - فَتَرَى الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٌ يُسَارِعُونَ فِيهِمْ يَقُولُونَ نَخْشَى أَن تُصِيبَنَا دَآئِرَةٌ فَعَسَى اللّهُ أَن يَأْتِيَ بِالْفَتْحِ أَوْ أَمْرٍ مِّنْ عِندِهِ فَيُصْبِحُواْ عَلَى مَا أَسَرُّواْ فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ نَادِمِينَ

(52) - (So you see those in whose hearts is disease hastening into [association with] them, saying, "We are afraid a misfortune may strike us." But perhaps Allah will bring conquest or a decision from Him, and they will become, over what they have been concealing within themselves, regretful.)

Allah (swt) continues talking about the Jews and the polytheists who tried by various ways and methods to confront the Islamic call that called for good and for the unity of society, so the Jews were always the basis of the affliction, and the dangerous hypocrisy movement in society led by Abdullah bin Abi Ibn Salul emerged in the city of Al-Medina Al-Munawara, this movement that was more dangerous to the Muslims than the polytheists of Mecca due to its existence within the Muslim body in the society of Al-Medina.

(… فَتَرَى الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٌ…) (…So you see those in whose hearts is disease ): They are the hypocrites.

(… يُسَارِعُونَ فِيهِمْ …) (…hastening into [association with] them ): To hasten is to move quickly to reach the aim, there is a difference in Arabic between (hasten into) and (hasten to). The meaning here is: They are getting deeper in their hypocrisy, disbelief and misguidance, whereas when Allah (swt) says:

 وَسَارِعُوا إِلَىٰ مَغْفِرَةٍ مِّن رَّبِّكُمْ

(And hasten to forgiveness from your Lord) (Ali-Imran: 133)

That is, they have not yet gotten the forgiveness, but they are commanded to turn with all their senses towards this forgiveness.

(… يَقُولُونَ نَخْشَىٰ أَن تُصِيبَنَا دَائِرَةٌ …) (…saying, “We are afraid a misfortune may strike us ): This is the saying of Abdulah bin Obay bin Salul, the header of hypocrites,

(… فَعَسَى اللَّهُ أَن يَأْتِيَ بِالْفَتْحِ أَوْ أَمْرٍ مِّنْ عِندِهِ …) (…But perhaps Allah will bring conquest or a decision from Him, ): When (perhaps) is followed by (Allah), definitely the matter will happen, because it is from the Creator. Whereas, when any human says this word (perhaps) then the matter may or may not happen. So this sentence means that the conquest will certainly take place.  

(  فَيُصْبِحُوا عَلَىٰ مَا أَسَرُّوا فِي أَنفُسِهِمْ نَادِمِينَ … ) (…, and they will become, over what they have been concealing within themselves, regretful): When the decision of Allah (swt) is brought, which reveals their hypocrisy, and brings them down, on the other hand supports the Prophet (saws) and the believers, then they become regretful over what they had concealed, not out of fear of Allah (swt); but because they want their personal benefit, they are afraid that the matters will come against them. So if the interests are with the Prophet (saws) and with the Muslims, then they regret for their standing against them, consequently they disclose themselves.