Allah (swt) says in the previous verse:

 {وَإِلَٰهُكُمْ إِلَٰهٌ وَاحِدٌ ۖ لَّا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ الرَّحْمَٰنُ الرَّحِيمُ }

(And your Allah is one Allah. There is no deity [worthy of worship] except Him, the Most Merciful, Most Compassionate.)  (Al-Baqaraa: 163)

What is the sign that Allah (swt) is the Creator, and that He (swt) is one God? Allah (swt) wants us to believe in Him through reason, to infer His existence through His creatures and what He (swt) created in the universe, therefore, He (swt) says in this collective verse, which includes some of his creatures:

( إِنَّ فِي خَلْقِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَاخْتِلَافِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ ) (Indeed, in the creation of the heavens and earth, and the alternation of the night and the day...): The human being is created, and when Allah (swt) created him, He (swt) prepared to him the elements of life; the sky is shading him, the earth is carrying him and he is between time and place. Time is the result of the alternation of night and day which is a sign which indicates that time is going with the human to his end. Allah (swt) clarifies that He (swt) who created the heavens, the earth, the time, and the place:

 {لَخَلْقُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ أَكْبَرُ مِنْ خَلْقِ النَّاسِ }

(The creation of the heavens and earth is greater than the creation of mankind, but most of the people do not know.)  (Al-Ghaafir: 57)

The meaning of the verse is a probative matter, because the earth from which human was created is greater than his own creation. When the substances that make up the human body and the that of the mud were analyzed the developed science discovered that there were 16 substances from Manganese to Oxygen and others are the same in both the clay and man as well.

{ مِنْهَا خَلَقْنَاكُمْ وَفِيهَا نُعِيدُكُمْ وَمِنْهَا نُخْرِجُكُمْ تَارَةً أُخْرَىٰ }

(From the earth We created you, and into it We will return you, and from it We will extract you another time.)  (Taa-Haa: 55)

That is to mean, from the earth human was created and to it he comes back, he is buried in the earth between the dust which he is created from.

{ هُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُم مِّن تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ مِن نُّطْفَةٍ ثُمَّ مِنْ عَلَقَةٍ ثُمَّ يُخْرِجُكُمْ طِفْلًا }

(It is He who created you from dust, then from a sperm-drop, then from a clinging clot; then He brings you out as a child.)  (Al-Ghaafir: 67)

( إِنَّ فِي خَلْقِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ) (Indeed, in the creation of the heavens and earth...): Not any human being could claim that he created the heavens and the earth, or the sun and the moon, or the succession of night and day, Allah (swt) is the one who says:

 {وَهُوَ الَّذِي جَعَلَ اللَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ خِلْفَةً لِّمَنْ أَرَادَ أَن يَذَّكَّرَ أَوْ أَرَادَ شُكُورًا }

(And it is He who has made the night and the day in succession for whoever desires to remember or desires gratitude.)  (Al-Furqaan: 62)

“in succession” That is, night comes after day, and day comes after night. The succession of night and day indicates the movement of the earth around the sun. The One Who created the heavens and the earth and created the succession of night and day is Allah (swt).

Al-Fulk: is the name of the ship, and the word Fulk is a plural and singular form as well, as Allah (swt) says about the prophet Noah (PBUH):

{ وَيَصْنَعُ الْفُلْكَ }

(And he constructed the ship.)  (Hud: 38)

The verse here means one ship. The fluidity of water, which carries the ship and the winds which moves it are ones of Allah’s miracles. Without this fluidity of the water, no ship can sail in the sea.

( وَمَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مِن مَّاءٍ فَأَحْيَا بِهِ الْأَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا ) (and what Allah has sent down from the heavens of rain, giving life thereby to the earth after its lifelessness...): Is water in the sky or in the earth? Water is in the earth, but it comes down from the sky. Three-quarters of the Earth is covered with seawater, oceans, and rivers, yet land forms only a quarter of the Earth. The larger the evaporation surface, the greater the speed of evaporation. This water evaporates and goes up to the sky, and then there occurs evaporation, intensification, pollination with the wind, and a difference in cold and heat leading to the falling of water. Therefore, water comes from the earth. Allah (swt) says:

 اللَّهُ الَّذِي يُرْسِلُ الرِّيَاحَ فَتُثِيرُ سَحَابًا فَيَبْسُطُهُ فِي السَّمَاءِ كَيْفَ يَشَاءُ وَيَجْعَلُهُ كِسَفًا فَتَرَى الْوَدْقَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ خِلَالِهِ ۖ فَإِذَا أَصَابَ بِهِ مَن يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ إِذَا هُمْ يَسْتَبْشِرُونَ

(It is Allah who sends the winds, and they stir the clouds and spread them in the sky however He wills, and He makes them fragments so you see the rain emerge from within them. And when He causes it to fall upon whom He wills of His servants, immediately they rejoice.)  (Ar-Rum: 48)

However, in the earth, there is the water of the seas and oceans, which is reserved by some materials, and is not suitable for drinking. Allah (swt) has saved it from corruption. Allah (swt) has created everything good, and anything spoiled in the earth and in the universe, however, is spoiled by the hands of humans, Allah (swt) says:

{ ظَهَرَ الْفَسَادُ فِي الْبَرِّ وَالْبَحْرِ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِي النَّاسِ}

(Corruption has appeared throughout the land and sea by [reason of] what the hands of people have earned.)  (Ar-Rum: 40)

So, there is no corruption in the earth, nor in the sea, nor in the atmosphere, that of Allah’s creation. The corruption is a man-made. It is the people who corrupted the seas and polluted the air, who corrupted values, and who corrupted humans, while Allah (swt) has made everything good and ready to receive man, one of these things is saving the water in the earth:

 {وَأَنزَلْنَا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً بِقَدَرٍ فَأَسْكَنَّاهُ فِي الْأَرْضِ ۖ وَإِنَّا عَلَىٰ ذَهَابٍ بِهِ لَقَادِرُونَ }

(And We have sent down rain from the sky in a measured amount and settled it in the earth. And indeed, We are Able to take it away.)  (Al-Mu’minun: 18)

Then comes the process of water evaporation. If we want to distill water and make it potable, we need large factories, while there is a divine laboratory working day and night on steaming water and returning it to earth. Therefore, Allah (swt) says, (and what Allah has sent down from the heavens of rain, giving life thereby to the earth after its lifelessness), because the earth lives and revives with water:

 {فَإِذَا أَنزَلْنَا عَلَيْهَا الْمَاءَ اهْتَزَّتْ وَرَبَتْ وَأَنبَتَتْ مِن كُلِّ زَوْجٍ بَهِيجٍ }

(but when We send down upon it rain, it quivers and swells and grows [something] of every beautiful kind.)  (Al-Hajj: 5)

( وَبَثَّ فِيهَا مِن كُلِّ دَابَّةٍ ) (and dispersing therein every [kind of] moving creature...): Dabbah (in Arabic) is every creature moves on earth, and all the things that Allah (swt) has mentioned indicate that He is the Creator and prove this verse: ( And your god is one God). How do we know that God is one? Because had it been another God, he would have said: “I have created this creation”.

( وَتَصْرِيفِ الرِّيَاحِ ) (and [His] directing of the winds.): that is to say, wind conversion; had the winds been in one direction, the human would have become fatigue, but directing the wind is a mercy; once it is Easterly wind, once it is Western, and another time it is Southwesterly and so on.

( وَالسَّحَابِ الْمُسَخَّرِ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ ) (and the clouds controlled between the heaven and the earth.): Being controlled means to be forced to do a movement that cannot be self-decided but rather to do what is ordered. For example, this cloud is decided to fall in Damascus as Allah (swt) has subjected it, the evaporation was done, the water preparation process has taken place in a place other than Damascus, and the water was led by the wind to fall in Damascus. These clouds were controlled to drop water in the place where the Controller willed it to be dropped in. This indicates that your God is one.

( لَآيَاتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ ) (are signs for a people who use reason.): the signs are the miracles that are clear evidences for those who comprehend. Allah (swt) has chosen the mind to be the means of receiving obligations, so we say that Islam is the religion of reason which urges to use mentality to prove the existence of Allah (swt). For that, Allah (swt) says, (are signs for a people who use reason). Thus, these signs are the ones that indicate the existence of Allah (swt). Therefore, when Nimrud argued with Abraham (PBUH):

  أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِي حَاجَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي رَبِّهِ أَنْ آتَاهُ اللَّهُ الْمُلْكَ إِذْ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ رَبِّيَ الَّذِي يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ قَالَ أَنَا أُحْيِي وَأُمِيتُ ۖ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْتِي بِالشَّمْسِ مِنَ الْمَشْرِقِ فَأْتِ بِهَا مِنَ الْمَغْرِبِ فَبُهِتَ الَّذِي كَفَرَ

(Have you not considered the one who argued with Abraham about his Lord [merely] because Allah had given him kingship? When Abraham said, “My Lord is the one who gives life and causes death,” he said, “I give life and cause death.” Abraham said, “Indeed, Allah brings up the sun from the east, so bring it up from the west.” So the disbeliever was overwhelmed [by astonishment].)  (Al-Baqara: 258)

Abraham (PBUH) used one of the signs of Allah’s existence, which is that Allah (swt) brings the sun from the east every day.

All that Allah (swt) has enumerated in this verse are miracles that reasonably indicate the existence of the Creator and could never be created by chance in this arrangement and order. As said the effector is known from the effect, and when you want to prove the existence of Allah (swt), look at the creation of Allah (swt), and look at the miracles created by Him, you would see the manifestations of Allah (swt), and this is the mental argument.

Islam uses reason, argument and evidence to prove the existence of Allah (swt), but the atheist does not count on the mind for if we ask him how the earth was created, he would say that the universe, the sun, the earth, and the planets were found by coincidence or by evolution. No sane person is convinced that coincidence may create such system, structure, and this sun that moves with precise calculation:

 {الشَّمْسُ وَالْقَمَرُ بِحُسْبَانٍ }

(The sun and the moon [move] by precise calculation.)  (Ar-Rahman: 258)

Everything with Allah (swt) has a balance, amount and account. If the sun approached or moved away from the Earth a few millimeters or centimeters, it would burn or freeze the earth. Therefore, creation cannot be a coincidence, and Allah (swt) has given all signs that indicate his existence.

The religion of Islam is the religion of reason and science, Allah (swt) says:

 {فَاعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ}

(So know, that there is no deity except Allah.)  (Muhammad: 19)

He (swt) did not say, “So say, [O Muhammad], that there is no deity except Allah.” From here, we do not discuss the others, especially in the age of science, civilization and technology, and tell them or force them to say that “There is no god but Allah”. Rather, we persuade people and teach them that there is no God but Allah (swt), because they will know and will reach through science that there is no God but Allah (swt).